What is substructure in relation to buildings?

Substructure refers specifically to the part of a building that is located below ground level, which serves as a foundation to support the weight of the entire structure. This component is crucial because it transfers the load of the building to the soil, ensuring stability and preventing settling or movement over time. The substructure typically includes elements such as footings, foundations, and basement walls, designed to withstand forces from the building as well as external forces like soil pressure and moisture.

The importance of the substructure in construction cannot be overstated, as it forms the essential base upon which the superstructure (the parts of the building above ground, including floors and roofs) is built. Understanding the role of the substructure is fundamental in real estate, as it informs property assessment and the considerations for structural integrity and longevity of the building.